GLOSSARY
Pakistan glossary

Hussn

(PAKISTAN 19)

Sex	female
Age	31
Occupation	teacher
Location	Shimshal
Date	25 July 2001

transcript

Bismillah Rehman-e-Rahim (In the name of God the magnificent and the most merciful). Mohtarma (respected) Hussn sahiba (madam, term of respect), Assalam-o-Aliakum (peace be with you). My name is Majnoon Khan, and I am working as a teacher at the government school Shimshal. Our Shimshal Nature Trust (SNT) and PANOS have jointly started a program in Shimshal, and the name of that program is the “testimony program”. We are taking the interview of different people for that program and those interviews would be made available to the people worldwide. Fifteen people from Shimshal are working in this program [as interviewers]. It is my job to be at your place, but you’re at my place for the interview, and I would like to thank you for your cooperation. Now I am going to take your interview, to know about your life experiences and your ideas and views about different things. And I hope you will clearly inform me about your ideas.

Section 1	I would like you to tell something about the life of women in Shimshal? Shukria (thank you) mukhi (local religious leader) for your appreciation and consideration of me for this interview. I would try my best to tell you about all those things as I can. The question you have asked is that how the women of Shimshal spend their lives? It can be in different steps, because it is the need of the time. What we listened from our mothers and grandmothers was different, because those women had different needs, different tasks to do, and they had different roles to play according to that time, because changes take place over time. Nowadays, the life we are spending is different from the lives of our mothers and grandmothers. In the past our mothers and grandmothers were supposed to work in the fields, they had to do the spinning, weaving and knitting of clothes and sweaters from the wool of the sheep, and they had also to do the household chores. But nowadays, those women who are not educated have different activities. They are doing their household chores along with caring of their children, they are supposed to bring fuel wood from distant places, and they also bring soil from far off places to spread it in the shelters of the livestock (and that soil is used as a local fertiliser in the fields to grow something). As you know, nowadays, the men have to spend most of the time outside the village earning an income for their families. And the women have to play all those roles, such as watering the fields, watering the jungles (forests) etc, which were previously supposed to be performed by the male members of the family. Now women have to perform all these tasks, because men mostly live outside their homes, and are doing labouring and bring their earnings to fulfil their home expenses and educational expenses of their kids. Women are living within their homes; they are taking care of their kids, cleaning their homes and are helping their husbands in agricultural activities. And we the remaining ones, who are in the educational fields are doing their jobs along with their household chores. As you know, I am alone at my home and my husband is doing the farm activities. And I am doing my job as a teacher and along with this I am doing my household chores. And there are other sisters like me who are doing their jobs and are also doing their household chores by themselves. So, if we can talk about the lives of women, then we can say that as compared to the lives of women in the past, we the educated women are spending our lives in a better way. If we changed our children’s (girls) mind towards education, then I think their lives will be easier and better as compared to us. And they would be able to keep up with the male members of our society.
Section 2	Thank you so much. Now could you please tell me about the main responsibility of women? Mukhi sahib, as I told you before, especially in our village, but [also] if we look at the whole world, a woman has the responsibility to run her home. All the activities of a home - whether it runs in a good way or a bad way - depend upon a woman. It depends upon a woman that she should use each and everything in a good disposition. There is a proverb “the man is an outsider” [Traditionally men are supposed to work outside the home and earn the livelihood and women are supposed to manage the home.]. The woman is the actual owner of a home, and the man has to earn and hand over his earnings to the woman, and the man also meets all the household requirements. And the woman has to see the excess and deficiency and use things skilfully. So in my opinion, the responsibility of a woman is to run her home in a proper way and look after her kids carefully.
	Okay, do you think that women are happy with their lives, with their responsibilities? It is possible that they might be happy because, the status of a woman is like a president, who has the responsibility to run their state. Like the president, the woman is the owner of her home; she is responsible for supervising her kids and managing all her household activities. And it is possible that she might be happy doing all these things. But if we look at once at other places of the world, while visiting these places, then we say that we are not lucky, because we are deprived of all those facilities which are available to other people outside our village, because we are cut off from the outside world. But looking at a glance, women are very happy with the beauty, with the weather and with everything of the village, which they enjoy while walking around the village. As you are well aware, in downside (the lowlands) there are different people and different accidents take place. And here, we are away from these things, and there are no other restrictions on us, and we move around our village as we wish. In our village there is no pollution in the weather, and if we look at these sides of life, then we can say we are so lucky to be here. Because, I think nothing is greater than independence. And with the grace of God we are having that independence to go somewhere and come back without any fear.
Section 3	You have told that women and the president of a state have equal responsibilities to perform, so I would like to ask, who has given this responsibility to women? As I told you women are at the level of a president, and you had asked who gave them this responsibility to perform. So in my opinion, and as we read in books, about what type of status and respect women were having before Islam, and how it changed after Islam. So in my point of view, if I tell it will not be wrong, that Islam had given the message that women had their own status and self-respect. And secondly, if I look according to my own culture, and according to my village, they had differentiated, that if a man stays at home and cooks food and a woman goes to the jungle to bring fuel wood or to goes to the mountain to bring wood for construction purpose, or stands at the edge of the field with a spade it will not suit any of them. So it is natural in our culture that a woman should stay at her home, clean her home, do her cooking and take care of her home. And a man should work outside the home, because this also has some sort of dignity in itself. If a man stays at home to do the task of a woman, and the woman comes out of her home for doing a man’s task, it is I think against our culture, and according to our culture people make fun of such things by saying that such a person is cleaning his home or washing pots and his wife is not at home. And these things automatically lower the dignity of a woman as well as a man. It is naturally divided that a woman is responsible to stay at home to do all household activities, and man is responsible for the activities outside home. So I think it is naturally implemented as a culture in our village.
	In spite of this big household responsibility, is there any other big responsibility that women could adopt? In the past there was no trend toward education. And we all, who came towards education…as I told you before those women are doing their jobs…some of the women are teachers and are busy in doing teaching in school, some are teaching at the religious centres, and some are working at the hospital and health centre. So in the past there was no system of education at all, and most of the people were uneducated, and their responsibility was limited to their homes only. But now, as you are well aware that our girls are in Karachi, Islamabad and other places to get higher education. And there is a possibility that when they come back after completing their education they would start doing different jobs, because we are not highly educated and are doing jobs and why so don’t they do [them]? They would possibly start doing different jobs after completing their education, because it is the need of the time.
	How many females would be here in our village who are working in schools, hospitals and health centres etc. Can you tell us the actual number of those working women? As I mentioned before that in the past no such importance was given to education, but now people are motivated to send their daughters to down country (refers to the rest of Pakistan) to get higher education. As compared to the population of our village, the number of working women is less, but anyway, three females are in the education [sector], five are working in health and one is working with the Aga Khan Rural Support Program (AKRSP), and five are teaching at the religious centre. And now the number of females, who are getting education in Karachi, Islamabad and in the Gojal area in High School is more. And in future there is a possibility that the number of working women will increase.
Section 4	What is your opinion about female education, the trend of female education, which has now begun, will it improve in the future or will it not develop? I would like to tell you about this, that, as you see, our parents are not educated, but I don’t know what thinking they had developed for sending us to school. So in my opinion, as you asked whether the ratio of female education will increase or decrease in the future is that, nowadays every parent has the same thinking, because they are now aware of the value of education. You see, our parents had no source of income, except doing farm activities, but they had given us a small light of education. And other people are getting the lesson that education is a good thing. Education could be beneficial and is not wasted. It is not a waste or disadvantageous. If one spends money on it, then he could get more benefit than that he spent on it. Now I am seeing that the trend of people is getting more towards education, whether they are poor, orphaned, whether they are educated or uneducated, every parent is now thinking for their kids that, even if they have to sell their farm land, even if they have to remain without clothing or food, [they] would give education to their children. They are saying that, our kids [are] our life, and they would be the source of our food and clothing. So according to this situation, I think the trend of people towards education will increase rather than decrease, because with the passage of time people saw, and know everything, that what is the need of the time and what we should do to live with the time.
	Hussn, I would like to ask another question from you. If the literacy rate in Shimshal increases more than the current ratio, then what is your opinion? What changes would it bring in our village? For this, I would like to say that if there would be more educated people, as you know that an example of an illiterate person is like a dark room. Ilm (literally light; knowledge/ education) and the meaning of ilm is known. So when people know, when they get education, then it is possible for that village to develop rather than being backward. People might be able to differentiate between good and bad things, and what is beneficial and non-beneficial, and they would take decision for their lives according to this, and that would be a foundation for my coming generation, my nation and my village. So I think if the literacy rate of our village increases, then our village would develop more and more.
	There is another question for you. If for example, all of our masses became educated, then what would be the future of our livestock system, because our females used to go to Pamir (Shimshal’s mountain pastures) every year? So I would like your comments on this regard that will this system lose its existence or may it continue? And if it loses its existence, then would it be a loss or not? Sir, in my opinion, as we observe our organisation called AKRSP (Aga Khan Rural Support Program) is running, and different visitors are visiting our village through this organisation. Some time ago two of our brothers had come to our village on foot, because our road is still under construction. The main purpose of their visit was vegetable growing, that how people can grow different vegetables for their daily use. In my opinion and as you see, in this organisation people are working in different fields, and these people have got their education in these fields, and they are not illiterate like us. They are working on agriculture, on livestock and many other fields to improve the living condition of the people. These people have got certificates in different fields of education and now they are working on their special fields. According to me education doesn’t mean to know a word then join the field of medicine, engineering or become a lecturer somewhere. I think to improve our livestock system, and agriculture system, as our fathers and brothers are doing farm activities and people are coming from downside to train them. The question is why these people are giving training to them, are they better than our fathers and brothers? Possibly they have got their education in this field and have known the main aim of that work, and are doing that work in a more organised way. About livestock, which you talked about, it is presently the main source of our livelihoods. As you’re well aware we are earning our livelihood with our own hands, especially we the people of Shimshal, because we don’t have the route yet to get these facilities from the outside world, and we make efforts to use all the resources available within our village. For livestock also, I think, if people would be educated, then they would take proper care of the livestock. There is a possibility that those people might develop livestock in a better way.
Section 5	Are you satisfied with the present condition of livestock? And to what extent does it fulfil our requirements? For this I will say, for example, in our homes, we are both salaried, and if we would like to fulfil all our needs from our salaries, then it is not possible. So I think we are fulfilling 60% of our needs from our own products and that might be in the form of wheat, butter and cheese etc. or palos (local woven carpet made from yak or goat hair), which is the product from our livestock. We are also making our bedding, that is quilts and mattresses etc from the wool of sheep instead of bringing these things from down country, and the reason is we have no vehicle road, and the second reason is we have no employment opportunities. So I understand that we are getting most of our needs from our livestock and are bringing a few of our requirements from downside, which means we are getting 60% of our needs from here and 40% from downside.
	How did you get the opportunity to get your education, and what was your purpose of getting education? There is a long story behind my education. As I mentioned before, our parents were uneducated. But, by following the saying of our Imam (hereditary spiritual leader of the Ismaili Muslims, currently Prince Karim Aga Khan) as he said that, if you had two children, a boy and a girl then you should educate your daughter. And as you know in the past, people’s beliefs were religiously much stronger. When our “Imam” said this farman (instruction/guidance from the Imam of the time), at that time there was no system of educating their daughters, and there was a system of education for the boys, as we are hearing from our elders. When I started going to school, at that time I was four or five years old, but most of the girls were older than me. And we start taking our lessons at the Jamat khana (religious and community centre of Ismaili Muslims). Because at that time there were no special arrangements for us to study, there were not any classrooms, no proper school building. And there was not a single teacher specially appointed by some organisation, who would teach us. At the beginning we started taking our classes on the ground of the Jamat khana, where a volunteer teacher Aziz Ullah janab (Mr, sir) used to teach us, and sometimes he used to teach us at someone’s garden or someone’s residence. But due to the lack of facilities and proper arrangements we all left the school, and there was a gap of three years. During that period our same teacher had started running his own small shop, where he kept a book called qaida (elementary book used to teach beginners), and there were also balls in his shop. When we went to buy a ball from his shop, he used to give us a qaida book free along with that ball. And this raised our interest toward studies. During the same period another volunteer Ghulam Rasool janab started taking our class and he taught us with a great interest. And he also taught us sometimes at someone’s room, at someone’s garden or on the bank of the river. And at last this system had lost the interest of those students who were older than us, because, teachers were not available at that time, and the second reason was most of them got married, and after marriage they couldn’t spare time for their studies. At that time people’s emphasis was mostly on farm activities rather than on education. At that time very few people had continued their studies, and these were Miss Ainul, who was our senior, Naz, Khasiat Numa and me. So we four were the first batch, and the system of our studies improved when AKES (Aga Khan Education Services, Pakistan) appointed Sir Aman Ullah as a teacher.
Section 6	Could you please tell me in detail what difference you feel [there is] between an educated and an uneducated female? You have asked a difficult question. Because being an educated woman, if I favour educated women and disfavour uneducated women I would be against these women. But anyway, I can’t even say that those women who are educated are able to adjust themselves with the time and place, and the uneducated one’s don’t know anything. God has given different thinking capabilities to different people, and everyone is working according to their abilities or mental level. But education is the need of the time, and the present time needs education. But an educated woman is confident enough to solve all of her problems. Whether they are social, economic or educational, she is able to solve them in a proper way. For example, if she has some health problems, she can talk to the doctor about her problem confidently and openly. At home, it has been said that “the leap of a mother is the first school of her child”, so I can say that the initial development of a child is in the hands of the mother, and not in the hands of the father. So an educated woman always tries to make her child aware about good and bad things, and help them in their growth, or if her child is having some problem doing their homework then an educated woman can easily help her child to get out of this problem. And doing some sort of social activity at the community level also needs an educated woman to fulfil that task. So we can say that the demand of an educated woman is more than uneducated ones. Uneducated females are also working according to their abilities being given to them by God. They are also able to solve their own problems in their own way. But they don’t know how to talk with visitors who come from outside, they don’t know how to give a lesson to their kids at home, when they face any problem, they used to look at each other’s faces blankly. So I can say that an uneducated woman may not be able to solve a problem which she comes across like an educated woman.
Section 7	You said that there is a demand of educated women for doing social work at the community level, so can you give me an example of such women, who are working in social organisations? As you are well aware in our village our religious institutions are functioning, like the council, Tariqa (religious education) board, and Volunteers etc. And it is the wish of our Imam that the young generation, who are more educated, should participate in these institutions. And I think that these people are more capable of doing things and that is why it is demanded that the educated ones should join such institutions. So in our village these Imamat institutions (office of the Imam: Aga Khan) were functioning for many years, but now they have appointed female members in the Local Council, Tariqa board, in the Arbitration Committee and other Imamat institutions, that are functioning in our village. And like this females are working as managers of the women’s organisations which are run by the Aga Khan Foundation, and women are also given preference in government jobs within the village. And it is the need of the time that women should work along with their male counterparts; females should share their education, ideas and views, because the joint participation of men and women is beneficial for society.
	I would like to know, that have you done any social work before or you’re doing any social work presently? Presently I am working as a member of the Tariqa Board, and I am also working as a manager with the women’s organisation established by the Aga Khan Rural Support Program (AKRSP). And I am also working as an interviewer for the “Oral Testimony Program”, which is running jointly by SNT and PANOS in our village. And I was working as a Secretary of the Female Volunteer Core and now I am working as a member of the Volunteers Core.
	Are you confident about yourself that you’re doing your jobs honestly? Every person has different wishes to be completed. And personally I am interested in these sorts of things, that I would participate in different things, and I should do what I can for my village. But everyone has some limitations as well. And that is I am the only person at my home who is earning for my family. And I am doing my school job also, and I have to do my household chores as well. But I am also willing to do such types of work for my village. But the time and my loneliness at home never permit me to participate in such sort of works. But on the other hand I try my best to work for the community.
Section 8	I would like to ask you a question that whether being an educated woman has you brought any changes within your community and in your home? As you asked that being an educated woman what changes you have brought in your society and in your home. For this I would say that I couldn’t bring any special changes, but you are well aware that our mothers and grandmothers or those women who are presently uneducated in our village are limited to their homes, and to caring of their livestock only, and they never get time to do other works. And as you know I am alone at my home and I do manage my time in a way that I am giving time for the education and caring of my kid, for looking after my livestock, for doing my household chores and as well as doing all these things I am also doing my duty as a teacher. And personally I feel that it is a change. Because in down country those females who are doing jobs are limited to their jobs only and they are not getting time to do other works. And those who are doing livestock rearing are limited to this only. So I prefer to work, while looking at the culture and environment of our village. If I say that I am doing a job, I am making money and on the other hand, according to our culture I fulfil some of my needs from the livestock also. And that is why I have to live with the culture of my area and also with other sisters and mothers of our village. If they do livestock rearing, then I also do it, if they do their household chores, then I do too. And it is a different thing that I had education and I am giving education to the children at school. But I am spending most of my time on the education of my kids.
	You told me that you have adopted two things, one is your job and the other is you had kept livestock at your place, can you please tell me that which one would be better for the future of you and your family? I had concentrated much on education, if you observe my interview with you, because it is the need of the current age. And if you look around, the developed countries have developed themselves because of education. So I am seeing the time, the culture, other sisters and mothers in our village and that is why I kept livestock. If we follow the people living down country, then definitely I will only emphasis the education of my kids, because the future of my kids depends on the education and not on the livestock. As you know that it is the age of computer, and nowadays the emphasis is much on education, rather on livestock. And it is my wish that people, if they can, must educate their children for their bright future.
	How many, and which type of livestock have you kept? When my father and mother-in-law were alive, they were spending all of their time looking after the livestock. At that time they were keeping 200 goats and sheep along with yaks. And our mother-in-law was getting the benefit in the form of butter and cheese, while going to the pasture. Nowadays I am not able to keep livestock and yaks like my in-laws. But anyway I kept livestock according to my present needs and according to my ability to look after them, because nowadays I don’t have that much time to keep more livestock. Along with doing my job, I keep a few yaks and livestock according to my needs. During summer my relatives help me, and they make butter and cheese for me when they go to the pasture. And the reason for giving me a hand is that, I am the only woman at my home and it is our culture to help those who are alone, poor or orphaned. And because of my loneliness, my relatives are keeping my livestock along with them to the pasture and are making cheese and butter for me.
Section 9	Could you tell me about the changes which you brought to your home; are they beneficial for you or not? The change, which has taken place, is advantageous for both my home as well as for my society. A few years ago when there was not much trend toward girls’ education and girls’ education was newly started, at that time people used to ask us that boys are getting education to be a pilot or to be an officer, so what do you people do? Are you getting education to go to the moon? They were taunting [us] by using such wordings. People had the concept that a girl is not able to do anything, and if girls got education, they would only know how to dress, how to walk and they would be proud. And that is why we the educated females have decided that we should use our education in such a way that people should not take the wrong meaning of it and (literally, light); used to mean knowledge/education (literally, light); used to mean knowledge/education we would be an example for them. So personally, I am doing my job and am practising all those things which are the traditions of our village and which other people are also practising. And people are getting a good impression of it that education doesn’t mean just to dress up, to walk, to do a job or to get money, but education means to know about everything or to know how to do things in a right way. They now understand that our educated daughters are working on all those chores which we are doing - like we are bringing soil to spread at the shelters under the livestock to enhance the bio-fertiliser, and like other mothers and sisters we are bringing fuel wood, and we are also looking after the livestock like other females, and we are doing and adopting all those things which are part of our culture - and that society will get a good effect from education. Like this, I always tried that people should take a good impression of my work instead of a bad impression. So I can say that this change has many positive impacts on the society and many benefits to my home. Because I always try to fulfil my household expenses through money, livestock, agricultural products, and I am participating in each and everything to fulfil my needs. And the salary which I get from my job is used for the education of my kids so that my kids might not feel inferior to others. So I am fulfilling my kids’ educational needs from my salary.
	You said that we, the educated females are an example for the society, how can you justify this? As I mentioned before we were the first batch of girl students of our village and we are among the first educated women of Shimshal. We teach our students at our best, and if God wishes and these students become highly educated then our society would be changed, and it is an example. And like this, as I told you before that people have demanded that we should work in the social and other voluntarily organisations along with the male members for the jamat (Ismaili community). In the past, people were of the opinion that only men could bring changes for the society, but now they have learned that education is the only thing that brings women and men to the same level, and both of them can bring about changes. And the thinking which they were having in the past proved wrong, and people have started educating their daughters. And I think it is an example.
Section 10	Would you tell us in detail what impact education has on your life? As I told you about my student life that we had no proper school building or teachers etc. to get our education. And it was a sort of enjoyment for us that we would get together, learn some basic alphabets of Urdu, and we had no other concept of going to school. We were not aware of why our parents are sending us to school, what is its aim, and what we get from this. Till 8th class, there was nothing special in my mind that why I am getting education, and what sort of benefit I am going to get out of it. After passing my middle class, I got an opportunity to visit the down side - that is Hunza and Gilgit. And I saw these people walking, talking and living in an organised way, then I felt that the purpose of education is to make us able to live in a proper way. And I understand that our parents have also sent us to school for this purpose. When I passed my matric examination, I was enthusiastic to continue my education, but on the other hand I thought that there is no one in our society who has come forward to serve the jamat. So me and Miss Fatima had decided that in the present age we had got education, but not higher education, so why don’t we transfer the little knowledge we had to our new generation. And they might be more highly educated than us and would be leaders for our nation, society. And our village would develop because of them. So we didn’t continue our own education, and sacrificed our time, and education for serving the jamat by joining teaching as a profession. Teaching is the profession of our Holy Prophet and that is why I adopt this profession. And I thought that if I could transfer my little education to our new generation, it would be an honour for me and at the same time our village would be developed.
	Shireen koi (sweet sister, term of endearment) you are teaching for the last eleven years, could you give me an example of one of your students, who is in a higher position? As you said that we are working for the last eleven years. So presently, three of our students are studying in Islamabad, four are in Gilgit and many are studying in the High School at Gulmit. But education is so vast and one cannot complete his education within ten or eleven years or become able to go on to some higher position. So their education is still in process, and we are lucky enough that our students have gone downside for higher studies, because before Fatima and me nobody had gone outside the village for getting higher studies.
	What message could you suggest for our new generation? It would be boring if I repeat the same thing again that is education, education and education.
	It is alright, education is very important. As you know, our founder Quaidi Azam Mohd Ali Jinnah always emphasises that our students should get higher education and serve their country. Or as we are studying that Quaidi Azam had studied for the whole night without sleep, and that is why his name is still alive. In our society we have the concept, thought and sayings of our elders that those people who are childless or not wealthy and will never be remembered after their death. But if we see around the world, then we can judge that those people’s names are still alive who have thought for their own future, for their nation and have served their nation. Like we have the example of our last Prophet Hazrat Mohd (peace be upon him), he had no son, but his name is still alive among all of us. And Quaidi Azam is another example for us, who did struggle for day and night to serve his nation and that is why people are remembering him throughout the world as a quaid (leader). So if our new generation…in this small village…as you know we are deprived of all basic facilities which are available to the people living downside. Because we have our own limitations, and secondly, there is lack of education. And now if all the parents would allow their children to go for higher education, and fulfil their educational expenses. And their children would struggle without wasting their time while keeping in mind how their parent’s make efforts to pay their fees. And then these children would be highly educated, and why wouldn’t our village progress? It is definite that if they would be highly qualified, then our village would be developed, and everyone would be able to differentiate between good and bad things and they would know that what they should do and what not. Education doesn’t mean that we should not respect our elders, and adopt the bad things of the society - no it doesn’t mean these things. If they get higher education, they would know all these things, that what we were and how we would spend our lives, and what sort of services we have to give to the jamat. And these educated people would work according to their abilities and according to their field for running their village toward progress and prosperity. So it is my message for the new generation that every one of them, if they can consider their parents limitations and hard work for bearing their educational expenses and they must also value these things for their bright future.
Section 11	Mohtarma Hussn sahiba, I am going to ask you the last question that if you would like to tell me the most important event of your life, which happened to you in your lifetime? If we look around, every person’s life passes with an event. But now I can’t differentiate that which event will be the most important one to tell you. As you know, our mothers and grandmothers used to praise their brothers and fathers for their braveness. And like them, in my life, the most important event happened when I completed my poetry. And you can say that this consisted of broken wordings. In that poetry I tried to express that what is the importance of women in a society, and what is the importance of girls’ education. I want to make the parents realise these things through poetry. I wrote my first poetry in the form of a small poem, which was a tribute to mothers’ dignity. I presented that in a function in the form of a drama, and people have appreciated it very much. And I got prizes from many of our brothers and fathers present during that function, and in return I got courage in myself to do more and more to make the people realise about the actual status and self-respect of women in a society. And I think it is the most important event of my life.
Section 12	Thank you so much for such a nice talk with you, and coming to me for giving your interview. Don’t say thank you, because it would be a living proof about the life of a person that what experience one came through during his lifetime. One will die, but this remains as a proof about one’s life, whether one has bad experiences or good ones. I would like to thank you for giving me your precious time and considering me for this interview as an important person with some important information. Otherwise we are not that much aged to have special information to leave a message for the nation, but anyway, if you had considered me, then I am thankful to you, PANOS and SNT, which give us a chance to participate in such type of activities.
	We value everyone’s ideas, we never differentiate between people; that one is important and the other is not. Everyone’s opinion is important and valuable for us. I would like to thank you again. Today is 25th July, and I have taken the interview of sister Hussn at my residence. Bye.